Litigation in Turkey
"How does the commercial litigation process work in Turkey?"
Quick Answer
Commercial disputes are heard in Commercial Courts. The process includes petition, answer, preliminary hearing, evidence, and judgment phases. Appeals go to Regional Courts (İstinaf) and subsequently to the Court of Cassation (Yargıtay).
Scope and Legal Distinctions
Jurisdiction, court type and mandatory pre-action steps must be identified before filing. An English-language contract does not itself select a competent Turkish court.
What to Check in Practice
Prepare the contract, evidence, party details, power of attorney and notice chronology; assess mediation, fees, security and any urgent interim request separately.
Sources & Authorities
Statutory framework and official guidance for this definition.
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