Legal support from transaction tax mapping and contract alignment to incentives, payment security, audits and tax disputes.
01Tax Review Before Contract, Invoice or Payment
We identify the tax character of the transaction before the commercial structure is locked in.
- Goods, services, licences, royalties and fees
- Taxpayer, source, VAT and withholding analysis
- Transaction tax map with actions before payment
02Turkish Corporate Tax Advisory
We advise on corporate tax, residence, branches, deductibility, exemptions, incentives and minimum-tax exposure.
- 2026 rate and qualifying reductions
- Foreign company and permanent-establishment issues
- Tax-sensitive transaction structuring
03VAT Law and Transaction Review
We assess VAT treatment for domestic and cross-border goods, services, imports, exports, software, licences and investment goods.
- Place of supply and taxable event
- Rate, exemption, input VAT and refund risk
- Invoicing and documentary evidence
04Reverse-Charge VAT & VAT Return No. 2
A Turkish recipient may become responsible for VAT in specified transactions involving non-resident providers. See our VAT Return No. 2 guide for foreign service invoices for the responsible-party decision and document checklist.
- Foreign consultancy, SaaS, licence and technical services
- Responsible-party and VAT Return No. 2 analysis
- Gross-up, input VAT and historic-exposure review
05Withholding Tax on Cross-Border Payments
There is no single withholding answer: payment type, recipient, residence, treaty, exemption and documents all matter.
- Dividends, interest, royalties and service fees
- Tax residence certificate and treaty documentation
- Gross-up, refund and risk-allocation clauses
06Tax Treaties & Permanent Establishment
We translate treaty and Turkish domestic rules into a practical position for international operations.
- Dividends, interest, royalties and service income
- Fixed place, personnel, project and agency risk
- Residence, beneficial ownership and MAP issues
07Transfer Pricing Legal Compliance
Related-party arrangements should match both the contract and the actual commercial conduct of the parties.
- Goods, services, rent, loans, guarantees and royalties
- Functions, risks, intangibles and arm’s-length terms
- Coordination with economic benchmarking professionals
08Intercompany Financing & Thin Capitalisation
Group financing can create overlapping interest, withholding, VAT, transfer-pricing and foreign-exchange issues.
- Shareholder loans, cash pooling and guarantees
- Debt/equity, Article 12 and thin-capitalisation review
- Financing tax-risk map and document alignment
09Tax Clauses in Commercial Contracts
We align tax clauses with the commercial allocation of cost and the actual payment process.
- VAT, withholding, reverse charge and gross-up
- Treaty cooperation, residence evidence and refunds
- Tax indemnity, audit cooperation and change in law
10Investment Incentive Certificates
We assess incentive eligibility before machinery orders, imports, construction commitments or irreversible expenditure.
- Decree No. 9903 and Communiqué No. 2025/1
- Investment category, NACE, location and machinery
- E-TUYS, certificate amendments and completion issues
11Reduced Corporate Tax for Incentivised Investments
Article 32/A benefits should be modelled with ordinary tax, minimum tax, contribution and projected profitability.
- Certificate, contribution and reduction rate
- Eligible income, utilisation period and exclusions
- New-certificate and post-2025 framework review
12Free Zones & Tax Structuring
Free-zone treatment depends on activity, licence, manufacturing status, exports, counterparties and statutory conditions.
- 19 operating free zones and licence analysis
- Corporate tax, VAT, customs and employment issues
- Free-zone sales, exports and contract structure
13Letters of Credit
A documentary credit protects payment only when the required documents and documentary conditions can actually be satisfied.
- UCP 600, parties, expiry and presentation
- Invoice, transport, insurance and inspection documents
- Consistency between L/C and sales contract
14Bank Guarantees & Demand Guarantees
We review the instrument that determines whether a guarantee can be called and how much protection it creates.
- Performance, advance-payment and payment guarantees
- Demand wording, expiry, reduction and release
- URDG 758, counter-guarantees and abusive-demand risk
15Standby L/Cs & Payment Security
We compare documentary credits, standby L/Cs, guarantees, parent guarantees, retention and credit insurance.
- Trigger, documents, expiry and bank risk
- Counterparty credit and enforcement location
- Payment-security comparison matrix
16Documentary Collections & Open-Account Trade
We review lower-cost payment structures and the collection risk they leave with the seller or buyer.
- Documents against payment or acceptance
- URC 522, maturity, protest and non-payment
- Transport control, credit insurance and fallback remedies
17Export Credit Insurance & Türk Eximbank
We align export sales contracts with credit insurance, buyer-credit and foreign-trade financing structures.
- Insured receivables, assignment and policy conditions
- Commercial and political risk evidence
- Coordination with banks and export-finance teams
18Foreign Exchange & Cross-Border Payments
Payment currency and financing routes should be reviewed under Law No. 1567, Decision No. 32 and current secondary rules.
- Resident/non-resident status and FX-indexed obligations
- Foreign loans, export proceeds and bank documents
- Coordination with treasury and banking professionals
19Tax Audits & Tax Assessments
We organise a coherent legal position when the authority challenges a contract, payment, invoice, VAT, withholding or incentive.
- Audit request, agreements and accounting evidence
- Assessment notice, settlement and objection strategy
- Coordination with SMMM/YMM and financial advisers
20Tax Litigation & M&A Due Diligence
We support tax-court proceedings and review tax exposure in acquisitions and investment transactions.
- Corporate tax, VAT, withholding and penalties
- Tax red flags, warranties, indemnities and closing actions
- Transfer pricing, incentives, free zones and disputes
STEP 01Understand the Commercial Flow
We identify the parties, product or service, contract, invoice, goods flow, payment, financing and related-party relationships.
STEP 02Characterise the Turkish Tax Position
We assess corporate tax, VAT, reverse charge, withholding, treaty, transfer pricing, permanent establishment and incentive issues.
STEP 03Align the Documents
We compare the contract, invoice, banking document, customs record and accounting description for consistency.
STEP 04Structure Payment and Security
We review L/Cs, guarantees, payment milestones, gross-up, currency, financing and documentary conditions.
STEP 05Implement the Position
Where relevant, we coordinate incentive, free-zone, treaty-certificate and intercompany documentation.
STEP 06Defend the Position
If challenged, we move into audit response, settlement, objection, tax litigation or trade-finance dispute strategy.
One Turkish point of coordination
Foreign companies, groups, foreign counsel and in-house teams often need local advice that connects tax, contracts, banking, customs, incentives and enforcement.
We provide legal analysis and coordinate the accounting, certification, economic and banking professionals required for the wider workstream.
Common international matters
- Foreign service invoices and VAT Return No. 2
- Withholding and treaty relief before payment
- Turkish activity and permanent-establishment risk
- Intercompany services, loans and guarantees
- Investment incentive and free-zone structures
- L/Cs, guarantees, Eximbank and export finance
Before the First Payment
Check VAT, reverse charge, withholding, treaty relief, gross-up and supporting documents before money moves.
Before Procurement
Review investment incentives, free zones, machinery imports and tax effects before commitments become irreversible.
Before Issuance
Align the sales contract, letter of credit, bank guarantee or payment-security instrument before it is issued.
Before the Audit
Organise contracts, invoices, bank records, tax files and explanations before isolated documents create a weaker position.
Legal Advice Around the Transaction
We review the contract, legal rights, payment route and underlying commercial transaction—not just a spreadsheet.
International Tax to Turkish Law
We translate Turkish VAT, withholding, treaty, permanent-establishment and corporate-tax issues for international teams.
Contract and Finance Integration
Our legal teams align gross-up, VAT, withholding, invoicing, payment, L/C and guarantee terms in one workstream.
Advisory to Dispute Continuity
If the position is challenged, the same team can continue from audit response through settlement or tax litigation.